Dental splints are an essential tool in various dental treatments, especially for conditions such as temporomandibular joint tmj disorders, teeth grinding, and orthodontic issues.
A dental splint helps in protecting the teeth, stabilizing the jaw joint, and relieving stress on jaw muscles. This guide explores the different dental splint types, their clinical applications, and guidelines for effective use in dental practice.
Understanding Dental Splints
What is a Dental Splint?
A dental splint is a custom made appliance that fits over the upper and lower teeth, protecting them from wear and damage caused by teeth grinding (bruxism) or TMJ disorders.
It can be used as a mouth guard to alleviate pressure on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and to prevent excessive jaw movement. Splints are typically worn at night and can be made from materials like acrylic or soft plastic.
Materials Used in Dental Splints
- Acrylic Splint Dental Materials: These are rigid and provide durable protection for patients with severe bruxism or TMJ disorders.
- Surgical Splint Dental Materials: Used post surgery or for trauma cases, surgical splints stabilize the jaw joint and teeth.
- Flexible Night Guards: These are made from softer materials and are often used for mild bruxism cases.
Types and Purposes of Dental Splints
Common Types of Dental Splints
There are several types of dental splints, each designed for specific clinical needs:
- Occlusal Splints: These protect the teeth from wear caused by teeth grinding and help relieve pain in the TMJ.
- Night Guards: Commonly used to prevent grinding and clenching of teeth while sleeping.
- Surgical Splints: Used during orthodontic treatment or post-dental surgery to stabilize teeth and the jaw.
Specific Uses of Splints
- TMJ Disorders: Splints play a key role in reducing the stress on the temporomandibular joint by stabilizing the jaw and limiting harmful movements.
- Teeth Grinding: Patients who grind or clench their teeth can benefit from splints that prevent further damage to the upper and lower teeth.
- Loose Teeth: Splints can be applied to stabilize abutment teeth or loose teeth following trauma.
Clinical Application and Techniques
Dental Splint Procedure for Dentists
Hand files are used incrementally to enlarge and shape the canal. By applying gentle pressure, dentists can clean the infected pulp tissue without compromising the surrounding dental structure. The primary goal is to provide a well-prepared canal for filling and sealing, ensuring a sterile environment that prevents reinfection.
Key Differences Between Manual and Rotary Endodontics
Precision and Control in Manual vs. Rotary Techniques
The application of a dental splint requires careful assessment of the patient’s condition.
A dentist may recommend taking an impression of the upper and lower teeth to ensure the splint fits properly.
Splints should also account for the patient’s bite and jaw movement to avoid discomfort.
Splinting Techniques for Traumatized Teeth
 In cases of dental trauma, a tooth splint can stabilize injured teeth. The most commonly used splinting methods involve internal vs external splint dental techniques, depending on the severity of the injury.
Impression Techniques for Splint Fabrication
Accurate impressions are essential for the successful fabrication of a dental occlusal splint.The dentist must capture both the edentulous space and the surrounding teeth to ensure a proper fit.
Operational Guidelines and Duration
Guidelines for Splinting Teeth
For optimal results, splints should be adjusted periodically to maintain proper alignment with the jaw joint. Splints used for TMJ disorders or teeth grinding require regular follow up appointments to assess their effectiveness.
Longevity and Maintenance of Dental Splints
The lifespan of a dental splint varies based on the type of splint and the patient’s usage habits. The typical duration ranges from 1 to 5 years. Regular cleaning is important to prevent wear, and patients must follow the dentist’s advice on when to replace or adjust the splint.
How Long Does Dental Splinting Last?
On average, dental splints need to be replaced every few years, though acrylic splints may last longer depending on wear and tear.
Advanced Topics in Splint Therapy
Treating TMJ Disorders with Splints
Patients suffering from TMJ disorders often experience relief when wearing occlusal splints. The splint reduces stress on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) by repositioning the jaw into a more relaxed state.
Dental Splints in Orthodontic Treatment
In orthodontics, splints can be used to stabilize remaining natural teeth and aid in the repositioning of teeth. Surgical splints are also frequently used in conjunction with orthodontic treatment for patients undergoing jaw surgery.
Practical Insights and Continuing Education
Learning about the various types of dental splints can be enhanced through live workshops and demonstrations.
Dentists in Egypt can benefit from hands-on training sessions that teach splinting techniques like ortho league courses which will help them refine their approach to TMJ disorders and teeth grinding treatments.
In conclusion Dental splints play a crucial role in managing TMJ disorders, teeth grinding, and orthodontic stability.
Understanding the different dental splint types, how they work, and their clinical application can significantly enhance a dentist’s ability to provide effective treatments.
Ongoing education is key to mastering these techniques and improving patient outcomes.
FAQs
 The specific dental code depends on the type of splint used and the condition being treated.
 Occlusal splints reduce pressure on the TMJ by repositioning the jaw and preventing harmful movements during sleep.
Consider the patient’s condition (e.g., teeth grinding vs. TMJ disorders), the material of the splint (e.g., acrylic or soft plastic), and the patient’s jaw movement.
Proper impression techniques and regular adjustments ensure that the splint fits comfortably and effectively.
Advances include custom acrylic splints designed using digital technology, which improves the fit and effectiveness of the occlusal splint.
By mastering the various types and uses of dental splints, dental professionals can provide comprehensive care that addresses TMJ disorders, teeth grinding, and tooth stabilization needs.